JIHAD IN THE NAME OF GOD; AN EXAMINATION OF THE WORLD'S RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM AND RADICALISM MOVEMENTS

Authors

  • Hilmi Ridho Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga
  • Afif Sabil Universitas Ibrahimy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33474/an-natiq.v3i2.19729

Keywords:

Fundamentalism, Radicalism and Terrorism

Abstract

The discourse of terrorism, extremism, and fundamentalism movements is not a new issue, but what becomes a public question is why all these actions are always in the name of religion. From various events, the majority of people claim the action was carried out by hardline groups with the face of Islam, such as Al-Qaeda, ISIS, Boko Haram, Abu Sayyaf, and so on. In fact, acts of terror are also carried out by groups with other religious backgrounds, such as the bombings that occurred in Malegaon, Maharashtra, and in Modasa, Gujarat in India on September 29, 2008. The question is, is it true that religions teach their followers to commit violence and justify such acts? What are the factors behind the emergence of religious violence? This research aims to examine religious sects from all religions in the world that often commit violence in the name of religion. In addition, it also wants to know the history of the emergence and movement of fundamentalist sects that become a forum for religious radicalism.

References

Afroni, S. (2016). Makna Ghuluw Dalam Islam; Benih Ekstremisme Beragama. Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya, 1(95), 70–85.

Ahdar. (2017). Tinjauan Kritis Dan Menyeluruh Terhadap Fundamentalisme Dan Radikalisme Islam Masa Kini. Kuriositas: Media Komunikasi Sosial Dan Keagamaan, 10(1), 19–36.

Al-‘Asqalani, I. H. (1998). Fath al-Bari. Kairo: Dar al-Rayyan Li al-Turats.

Al-Ifrîqî, I. al-M. (2001). Lisân al-‘Arab. Al-Qâhirah: Dâr al-Ma‘ârif.

Armstrong, K. (2001). Berperang Demi Tuhan: Fundamentalime dalam Islam, Kristen dan Yahudi (S. Wahono, M. Helmi, and A. Ali, eds.). Bandung: Mizan.

Berger, P. (2005). Religion and Global Civil Society’, in Mark Juergensmeyer (ed.), Religion in Global Civil Society. New York: Oxford University Press.

Damayanti, A. (2018). Radikalisme Pada Komunitas Non-Islam. Puslitbang Lektur Dan Khazanah, pp. 1–36. Jakarta Timur: Universitas Kristen Indonesia.

Dwijayanto, A., Fathoni, K., and Afif, Y. U. (2019). Diaspora Muslim Rohingnya Di Indonesia: Minoritas, Militansi, Dan Pencarian Identitas. El-Wasathiya; Jurnal Studi Agama, 7(2), 245–263.

Esposito, J. L. (1992). The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality. New York: Oxford University Press.

Esposito, J. L. (1995). The Oxford Encyclopedia of The Modern Islamic World. New York: Oxford University Press.

Gottschalk, L. (1956). Understanding History: A Primer of Historical Method. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

Hendropriyono. (2009). Terorisme: Fundamentalisme Kristen, Yahudi, Islam. Kompas.Com.

Hoffman, B. (2006). Inside Terrorism. New York: Columbia University Press.

Jalil, A. (2021). Aksi Kekerasan Atas Nama Agama; Telaah Terhadap Fundamentalisme, Radikalisme, dan Ekstremisme. Andragogi: Jurnal Diklat Teknis Pendidikan Dan Keagamaan, 9(2), 220–234.

Jerryson, M., and Juergensmeyer, M. (2010). Buddhist Warfare. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Juergensmeyer, M. (1998). Menentang Negara Sekuler (N. Hasan, Ed.). Bandung: Mizan.

Kartini, I. (2000). Dinamika Minoritas Muslim di Amerika Serikat. Journal of Muslim Minority Ajfairs, 20(1), 97–107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14203/jpp.v2i1.405

Luwaihiq, A. bin M. (2014). Ghuluw Benalu Dalam BerIslam. Jakarta: Darul Falah.

Mahendra, Y. I. (1999). Modernisme dan Fundamentalisme dalam Politik Islam (Perbandingan Partai Masyumi Indonesia dan Partai Jama’at Islami Pakistan) (M. A. Sirry, Ed.). Jakarta: Paramadina.

Mahfud, C. (2016). Terorisme, Kekerasan Atas Nama Agama, Dan Kebijakan Negara. Jurnal Cakrawala, 6(1), 16–32.

Marshall, P. (2004). Hinduism and Terror.

Mustari, M., and Rahman, M. T. (2012). Pengantar Metode Penelitian (1st ed., Vol. 1). Yogyakarta: Laksbang Pressindo.

Nadia, Z. (2021). Minoritas Muslim Dalam Kontestasi Identitas Di Eropa; Pemikiran Thariq Ramadhan dalam Meneguhkan Identitas Muslim Bercita Rasa Eropa. Borneo: Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(1), 23–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37567/borneo.v2i1.733

Nafis, M. W. (1996). Rekonstruksi dan Renungan Religius Islam. Jakarta: Paramadina.

Ng, A.-Z. (2006). Gerakan Islam Simbolik; Politik Kepentingan FPI. Yogyakarta: LKIS Pelangi Aksara.

Nugraha, M. T. (2018). Fundamentalisme Pendidikan Agama di Jejaring Sosial. Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 18(1), 41. https://doi.org/10.21154/altahrir.v18i1.1172

Nuhrison, M. N. (2009). Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Munculnya Faham/Gerakan Islam Radikal di Indonesia. Harmoni, 8(31), 35–47.

Nurish, A. (2019). Dari Fanatisme Ke Ekstremisme: Ilusi, Kecemasan, Dan Tindakan Kekerasan. Jurnal Masyarkatat & Budaya, 21(1), 31–40.

Pedahzur, A., and Perliger, A. (2009). Jewish terrorism in Israel. New York: Columbia University Press.

Pegram, T. R. (2011). One Hundred Percent American: The Rebirth and Decline of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee.

Putra, A. M. (2022). Relasi Dengan Tuhan dan Orang Lain: Menyingkap Akar Terorisme Agama. Jurnal Amanat Agung, 18(1), 70–107.

Ridho, H. (2021a). Membangun Toleransi Beragama Berlandaskan Konsep Moderasi Dalam Al-Qur’an Dan Pancasila. An-Natiq: Jurnal Kajian Islam Interdisipliner, 1(1), 92–105. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33474/an-natiq.v1i1.9069

Ridho, H. (2021b). Membumikan Nilai-Nilai Keadilan Dalam Al-Qur’an Terhadap Sila Keadilan Sosial. Humanistika, 7(2), 151–189. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55210/humanistika.v7i2.596

Ridho, H., and Mirwan. (2022). Reconciliation of Ulama and Umara in Socio-Political Conflict through Sufistic Approach. Tribakti; Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 33(2), 345–358. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33367/tribakti.v33i2.2007

Saragih, M. F., Hamid, S., and Munthe, M. (2016). Tinjauan Yuridis Pelanggaran HAM Terhadap Muslim Uighur Di China Ditinjau Dari Hukum Humaniter. Sumatra Journal of International Law, 4(2), 1–28.

Sudaryono. (2017). Metodologi Penelitian. Depok: PT. Raja Grafindo Press.

Syaifuddin, H., Amak, B., Suproyanto, T., Masruri, H., Kholil, A., Afwadzi, B., … Kusmana. (2018). Memutus Mata Rantai Ekstremisme Agama. In M. Karim (Ed.), Memutuskan mata rantai ekstrimisme agama (1st ed.). Malang: UIN-Maliki Press.

Taufani. (2019). Radikalisme Islam: Sejarah, Karakteristik, Dan Dinamika Dalam Masyarakat Multikultural Di Indonesia. Asketik, 3(2), 111–131.

Thomas, S. M. (2005). The Global Resurgence of Religion and the Transformation of International Relations: The Struggle for the Soul of the Twenty-First Century. New York: Springer.

Tria, and Paidi, W. (2023). Deretan Konflik Israel-Palestina Selama Bulan Ramadhan 2023.

Ula, S. (2017). Peran Aktor Non-Negara dalam Hubungan Internasional Studi Kasus Human Right Watch dalam Krisis Kemanusiaan di Myanmar. Journal of International Relations, 3(3), 19–28.

Ulandari, A., Swastanto, Y., and Effendi, S. (2020). Implementasi Kerjasama Kontra-Terorisme Indonesia-Australia (Studi Kasus: Bom Bali I Tahun 2002). Jurnal Diplomasi Pertahanan, 6(1), 1–30.

Windiani, R. (2017). Peran Indonesia Dalam Memerangi Terorisme. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 16(2), 135.

Yunus, F. M. (2014). Konflik Agama Di Indonesia Problem Dan Solusi Pemecahannya. Substantia, 16(2), 217–228.

Zega, Y. K. (2020). Radikalisme Agama Dalam Perspektif Al-Kitab Dan Implikasinya Bagi Pendidikan Agama Kristen. Jurnal Shanan, 4(1), 1–20.

Downloads

Published

2023-07-10

How to Cite

Ridho, H., & Sabil, A. (2023). JIHAD IN THE NAME OF GOD; AN EXAMINATION OF THE WORLD’S RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM AND RADICALISM MOVEMENTS. An-Natiq Jurnal Kajian Islam Interdisipliner, 3(2), 110–120. https://doi.org/10.33474/an-natiq.v3i2.19729

Issue

Section

Articles