Competences in English

Authors

  • Nanik Shobikah IAIN Potianak

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33474/j-reall.v1i1.5280

Keywords:

Competence, Communicative Competence, English Competences

Abstract

This article discusses kinds of English competences. In this article also discusses about the English language skills and components of English language use as the indicator of the student’s competence. The competences of language learning are in the means of communicative competence. To reach those competences, the students must be taught and trained English language in written and oral language skill. Acquiring English as international language is the main indicator of English learning success for students. This article uses qualitative research with a literature study. The data sources are taken from textbooks, journals, articles, research finding, internet articles, newspapers, magazines, etc. The objective of this studies that the result can develop the learner’s understanding about the competences in English language as the basic for the learner in learning and studying English language as the second or the foreign language in Indonesia. The finding shows that the communicative competence (communicative competences relates to the learner’s ability in using language established by language knowledge, skills, and attitude including grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic competence) and the components of English competences (listening, speaking, reading, writing, grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation) are must be learnt and studied by the students integrative.

Author Biography

Nanik Shobikah, IAIN Potianak

 

 

References

Beams, R. (2008). Assesment of Competence Using CBT. The University of Greenwich: School of Engineering.

Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by Principles: An Interactive Approach to Language Pedagogy. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.

Buck, G. (2001). Assessing Listening. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Cameron, L. (2008). Teaching Language to Young Learners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Canale, M. & Swain, M. (1980). “Theoretical Basis of Communicative Approaches to Second Language Teaching and Testingâ€. Applied Linguistics Journal, 1 (1), 1-47.

Chitravelu, N. Sithamparan, S. & Choon, T.S. (2005). ELT Methodology: Principles and Practice (2nd edition). Selangor Darul Ebsan: Oxford Fajar Sdn. Bhd

Chomsky, N. (1965). Aspects of Theory of Syntax. United States: Massachussets Insitute of Technology

Colman, A.M. (2009). A Dictionary of Psychology (3rd edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Cross, D. (1991). Practical Handbook of Language Teaching. London: British Library Cateloguing.

Ferril. (2013). Kompetensi Berbicara. http://berkarya.um.ac.id/2012/07/13/kompetensi-berbahasa/ accessed on October 2019.

Fulcher, G. (2000). The Communicative Legacy in Language Testing. http://languagetesting.info/articles/store/FulcherCLT.pdf. Accessed on October 2019

Gower, R., Philip, D. & Walters, S. (2005). Teaching Practice: A Handbook for Teacher Training. Thailand: Macmillan Education.

Hadley, A. O. (2001). Teaching Language in Context. Boston: Thomson Heinle.

Harmer. (2004). How to Teach English. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education Limited.

Harmer. (2007). The Practice of English Language Teaching. Harlow, Essex: Pearson Education, Ltd.

Hartwell, P. (1985). Grammar, Grammars, and the Teaching of Grammar: An SLA Perspective. TESOL Quarterly, 40 (1), 83-107

Helgesen, M. (2003). Listening. In David Nunan (Ed.), Practical English Language Teaching. New York: McGraw Hill

Hiebert, E. H. & Kamil, M. L. (2005). Teaching and Learning Vocabulary: Bringing Research to Practice. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

Hymes, D. (1972). On Communicative Competence. Dalam J. B. Pride & J. Holmes (Ed.), Sociolinguistics. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books, Ltd.

Kosak, M. (2011). The Types of Reading and Exercises for Teaching Reading. Acessed on October 2019 from http://www.e-osnova.ru/PDF/osnova_10_0_696.pdf

Larsen-Freeman, D. (2010). Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Nazir, M. (2003). Metode Penelitian. Jakarta : GhaliaIndonesia.

Nunan, D. (2003). Practical English Language Teaching. New York: McGraw Hill

Orellana, E. E. (2011). The Importance of Integrating Skills in the Teaching of English as a Foreign Language. Accessed on October 2019 from http://www.monografis.com/trabajos17/integrated-skills/integrated-skills.shtmlk.

Peha, S. (2002). The Writing Process Notebook. Accessed on October 2019 from http://www.ttms.org

Permendiknas No 23/2009, accessed on October 2019

Richard, J. C. & Rodgers, T. S. (2003). Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Richards, J. C. & Renandya, W. A. (2002). Methodology in Language Teaching: An Anthology of Current Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Richards, J. C. (2008). Teaching Listening and Speaking: From Theory to Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Sarwono, Jonathan. (2006). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatifdan Kualitatif. Yogyakarta :Graha Ilmu

Wilson, J. J. (2008). How to Teach Listening. Essex: Pearson Education Limited.

Woolley, G. (2011). Reading Comprehension: Assisting With Learning Difficulties. Accessed on October 2019 from http://www.springer.com/978-94-007-1173-0

Downloads

Published

2020-01-28

How to Cite

Shobikah, N. (2020). Competences in English. Journal of Research on English and Language Learning (J-REaLL), 1(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.33474/j-reall.v1i1.5280