Evaluation of Occupational Safety and Health Risks Through the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control Approach in The Construction Project

Abstract

Work accidents in Indonesia’s construction sector remain a significant challenge, mainly due to the weak implementation of occupational safety and health (OSH) management systems. The Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) method provides a structured framework to manage hazards and risks more effectively. This study adopts a qualitative descriptive approach to evaluate the OSH system at the BRI Ragunan IT Center project. Data were collected through field observations, in-depth interviews with OSH staff and project implementers, and document and literature reviews. Unlike previous studies that often stop at general hazard mapping, this research highlights a comprehensive application of HIRARC in a large-scale IT infrastructure project, thereby addressing the research gap in Indonesia for limited empirical evidence. The study identified 101 potential risks across four main activities and 25 sub-activities. Applying HIRARC principles proved effective in systematically identifying and controlling risks. Control measures, including elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative actions, and personal protective equipment (PPE), successfully reduced risk levels across key activities. The findings show that structured HIRARC-based OSH management not only improves worker safety and reduces accidents but also provides a solid basis for risk-mitigation decision-making. The novelty lies in its application within an IT infrastructure project, offering a model for similar environments.

Keywords: HIRARC; Occupational Safety; Construction; Risk Management; Infrastructure Projects; K3.