Reconstruction of the Child-Centered Approach Model Through Evaluation of Parental Alienation Practices in Custody Disputes in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33474/yur.v9i1.24493Keywords:
Parental Alienation, Child-Centered Approach, Hadhanah, The Best Interests of The Child, Joint CustodyAbstract
Parental alienation is an emerging and critical issue in post-divorce child custody disputes. This study investigates the phenomenon of parental alienation as reflected in selected Religious Court decisions in Indonesia. A normative juridical research method is applied, utilizing conceptual, statutory, and case-based approaches to examine relevant legal norms and judicial reasoning in custody determinations. The findings demonstrate that parental alienation has a detrimental impact on the psychological and emotional well-being of children, particularly in divorce contexts where parental conflict is prolonged. This condition underscores the necessity of custody arrangements that prioritize the best interests of the child. In response, this study proposes a child-centered joint custody model as an alternative to sole custody arrangements. The implementation of the proposed model may be pursued through two mechanisms: legislative reform by amending the Compilation of Islamic Law to explicitly accommodate joint custody alongside sole custody, and judicial policy development through Supreme Court instruments, including Circular Letters and Supreme Court Regulations, which would provide operational standards such as parental emotional stability and caregiving capacity. The novelty of this study lies in its integration of parental alienation analysis with a doctrinal assessment of custody regulation within Indonesian Islamic family law. Its contribution is the formulation of a normative framework for child-centered joint custody as a legal response to parental alienation.
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Faqih, Naswa Atiyatul Maola, and Erfaniah Zuhriah. ‘Pandangan Hakim Terkait Pengasuhan Anak (Joint Custody) Pasca Cerai Gugat Ditinjau UU Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak’. Sakina: Journal of Family Studies 7, no. 1 (April 2023): 142–52. https://doi.org/10.18860/jfs.v7i2.3153.
Gani, Rina Krismiati, and Royke Tony Kalalo. ‘Parental Alienation Syndrome (Focus on Management)’. Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya 8, no. 2 (2019): 32–38. https://doi.org/10.20473/jps.v8i2.18846.
Hanif, Hamdan Arief, Aulia Nissa Salsabila, and A. A. Hubur. ‘The Concept of Hadhanah (Child Custody) After Divorce in Islamic Civil Law’: Al Irsyad: Jurnal Studi Islam 2, no. 2 (September 2023): 63–72. https://jurnal.staithawalib.ac.id/index.php/alirsyad/article/view/177
Harahap, Rahmat Hakim, and Zainal Arifin Purba. ‘Discrepancies Between Legal Norms and the Practice of Appointing “Wali Hakim” for Legally Recognized Children at Medan Tembung Religious Affairs Office’. Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Politik Islam 10, no. 2 (July 2025): 305–18. https://jurnal.iain-bone.ac.id/index.php/aladalah/article/view/9959/2751
Harman, Jennifer J., Mandy L. Matthewson, and Amy J. L. Baker. ‘Losses Experienced by Children Alienated from a Parent’. Current Opinion in Psychology 43 (February 2022): 7–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.05.002.
Irwansyah, Irwansyah. Penelitian Hukum: Pilihan Metode & Praktik Penulisan Artikel (Edisi Revisi). Yogyakarta: Mirra Buana Media, 2021.
Layyina, Ulya, Novi Qonitatin, and Haiyun Nisa. ‘Children’s Voice in Parental Divorce: Scoping Review’. INSAN Jurnal Psikologi dan Kesehatan Mental 10, no. 2 (December 2025): 140–67, https://doi.org/10.20473/jpkm.v10i22025.140-167.
Luhukay, Marlino Novlyson and Hasriyanti Hasriyanti, ‘Legal Analysis of Child Custody Rights Based on District Court Decision (Study of Decision No. 108/Pdt.G/2023/PN.Son)’, Journal of Law Justice (JLJ) 3, no. 2 (2025): 181, https://doi.org/10.33506/jlj.v3i2.4448
Ngurawan, Mohamad Eka Purwanto, Nur Mohammad Kasim, and Dolot Alhasni Bakung. ‘Peran Hakim Dalam Menjamin Stabilitas Emosional Anak Melalui Keputusan Hak Asuh’. SINERGI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah 2, no. 2 (February 2025): 549–61. https://doi.org/10.62335/sinergi.v2i2.760.
Rahman, Tiara Ananda, and Wardani Rizkianti. ‘Penyelesaian Sengketa Hak Asuh Anak Setelah Perceraian: Perbandingan Antara Indonesia dan Inggris’. Jurnal USM Law Review 7, no. 1 (March 2024): 248–363. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v7i1.8801.
Ramadan, Novan Rizky, and Qisthina Aulia. ‘The Relationship between Negative Parenting and Delinquent Behavior in Children at the Special Children’s Development Institution for Grade 1 Medan: A Literature Study: Hubungan Pengasuhan Neglektif Dan Perilaku Delinkuen Pada Anak Di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas 1 Medan: Studi Literatur’. Jurnal Pemasyarakatan Dan Keadilan 1, no. 2 (March 2025): 95–113. https://doi.org/10.64272/4jjt3z57.
Rizky, Miftahul, Alif Pasah Fachrudin, Chintia Pebriasari, Ahmad Dian Jamaludin, and Eva. ‘Perebutan Hak Asuh Anak Akibat Perceraian’. Iqtishad Sharia: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah & Keuangan Islam 3, no. 2 (December 2025): 55–62. https://journal.albadar.ac.id/index.php/iqtishadsharia/article/view/443
Rofiah Zulfa, “Analisis Yuridis Kasus Hak Asuh Anak Tsania Marwah: Tantangan Perlindungan Hak Ibu dan Anak Di Indonesia,” USRAH: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam 6, no. 3 (2025): 170. https://jurnal.staim-probolinggo.ac.id/USRAH/article/view/1833
Sagita, Rury, and Asep Suherman. ‘Perlindungan dan Kepastian Hukum Terhadap Hak Anak Pasca Perceraian’. Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Kebijakan Publik 2, no. 1 (October 2024): 221–29. https://jurnal.kopusindo.com/index.php/jkhkp/article/view/356
Saputra, Aldi, and Muhamad Tanto Mulyana. ‘Pelaksanaan Hak Asuh Anak Atas Penetapan Pengadilan yang Berkekuatan Hukum Tetap Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak’. De Juncto Delicti: Journal of Law 2, no. 1 (June 2022): 1–13. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JPKM/article/view/76220.
Saputro, Fiqi, Titin Setiawati, and Mustiawan Mustiawan. ‘Representasi Kekerasan Domestik Dalam Keluarga Pada Film Tarian Terakhir’. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengkajian Ilmiah Sosial Budaya 4, no. 2 (July 2025): 188–200. https://doi.org/10.47233/jppisb.v4i2.2154.
Saraswati, Rika, Emanuel Boputra, and Yuni Kusniati. ‘Pemenuhan Hak Anak Di Indonesia Melalui Perencanaan Pengasuhan, Pengasuhan Tunggal dan Pengasuhan Bersama’. Veritas et Justitia 7, no. 1 (June 2021): 188–210. https://doi.org/10.25123/vej.v7i1.4066.
Simatupang, Nursariani, and Rachmad Abduh. ‘Pendidikan Anti Kekerasan Bagi Masyarakat Guna Pencegahan Perilaku Kekerasan Pada Anak’. DE LEGA LATA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 5, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.30596/dll.v5i1.3290.
SIP Law Firm. ‘Hak Asuh Anak dalam Kasus Perceraian’. SIP Law Firm. Accessed 14 January 2026. https://siplawfirm.id/id/publikasi/hak-asuh-anak-dalam-kasus-perceraian.
Smyth, Bruce M., and Richard Chisholm. ‘Shared-Time Parenting After Separation in Australia: How Much Does the Law Matter?’ Family Transitions 66, nos 1–2 (February 2025): 56–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/28375300.2024.2425469.
Sururie, Ramdani Wahyu, Mohammad Athoillah, and Muhammad Iqbal Zia Ulhaq. ‘Strategies to Prevent Increasing Divorce Rates for Muslim Families in Indonesia’. Samarah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga dan Hukum Islam 7, no. 2 (May 2023): 734–59. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.14819.
Syafiq, Muhammad, Vivit Fitriyanti, Nurlaila Harun, Kurniati Abidin, Muhammad Haikal Tunisi, and Surip Stanislaus. ‘Legal Protection of Children After Divorce: A Comparative Study of Islamic Law and the Child Protection Act’. Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum 24, no. 1 (June 2025): 6726–38. https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v24i2.6674.
Titalessy, Angel, and Ratriana Yuliastuti Endang Kusumiati. ‘Dampak Perceraian Orang Tua Terhadap Perkembangan Sosial-Emosi Remaja’. Jurnal Ilmiah Bimbingan Konseling Undiksha 12, no. 3 (November 2021): 362–69. https://doi.org/10.23887/jibk.v12i3.38582.
Triyono, Nur, and Asmuni Asmuni. ‘The Implementing Joint Custody Post Divorce In Indonesia: A Philosophical Viewpoint’. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syar’iah 15, no. 2 (December 2023): 314–3330. https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v15i2.24370.
UNICEF. ‘UNICEF Indonesia Annual Report 2024 UNICEF Indonesia’. 15 April 2025. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/reports/unicef-indonesia-annual-report-2024.
Yohanes, Triyana, Aloysius Wisnubroto, Theresia Anita Christiani, H. Untung Setyardi, and Hajed A. Alotaibi. ‘The WTO Non-Discrimination Principle and Its Impact on Developing Indonesia’s Investment’. Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 33, no. 2 (September 2025): 513–34. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v33i2.41046.
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05.02.2026
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Azzura, Mitha, Sitti Suryani, and Fika Andriana. “Reconstruction of the Child-Centered Approach Model Through Evaluation of Parental Alienation Practices in Custody Disputes in Indonesia”. Yurispruden 9, no. 1 (February 5, 2026): 35–52. https://doi.org/10.33474/yur.v9i1.24493.
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