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Authorship Criteria
Author Definition:
Authorship status must be based on the following criteria:
- Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work;
- Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content;
- Final approval of the version to be published;
- Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Author Contribution (Fulfilling Criteria 1 and 2):
To fulfill the "substantial contribution" and "drafting/revising" criteria above, all authors must declare their specific roles in the manuscript. The contribution categories are as follows:
- Conceptualization (Formulation of research ideas and aims)
- Methodology (Design of research methods and procedures, including qualitative and quantitative approaches)
- Investigation (Conducting the research and data collection, e.g., interviews, observations, surveys, or experiments)
- Data Curation (Management, transcription, cleaning, and organization of research data)
- Formal Analysis (Application of analytical methods, including statistical/computational techniques for quantitative data, and thematic/content analysis for qualitative data)
- Writing – Original Draft (Preparation of the initial manuscript)
- Writing – Review & Editing (Critical revision and final editing of the manuscript)
- Supervision (Oversight and leadership responsibility for the research activity)
Author Responsibilities (Fulfilling Criteria 3 and 4):
By submitting a manuscript, all authors implicitly agree to:
- Final Approval: Approve the final version of the manuscript before publication.
- Accountability: Be accountable for all aspects of the work, ensuring that any questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
Non-Author Contributors:
All contributors who do not meet the full authorship criteria (including those who only provided technical help, writing assistance, or departmental support without contributing to the categories above) should be listed in the Acknowledgment section.
Changes in Authorship:
Any addition, deletion, or rearrangement of author names in the authorship list after manuscript submission must be approved in writing by all authors and the Editor.
